May 23, 2023 – “Final” Never Really Means Final

“…the fact that the parties agreed not to terminate the support does not prevent a party from returning to court where there is a change in circumstances such as to warrant a variation including the possibility of ending support altogether. As explained by the Supreme Court of Canada in L.M.P v. L.S., 2011 SCC 64 (CanLII), [2011] 3 S.C.R. 775, a consent order is always open to variation in the event that a material change in circumstances so warrants. The majority of the Court in L.M.P. stated, at para. 41:

But even where an agreement incorporated into an order includes a term providing that it is final, the court’s jurisdiction under s. 17 cannot be ousted …. A provision indicating that the order is final merely states the obvious: the order of the court is final subject to s. 17 of the Divorce Act. Courts will always apply the Willick [v. Willick, 1994 CanLII 28 (SCC), [1994] 3 S.C.R. 670] inquiry to determine if a material change of circumstances exists. [Citations omitted; emphasis in original.]

In L.M.P., the majority of the Court characterized the “Willick inquiry” as follows, at para. 32:

That “change of circumstances”, the majority of the Court concluded in Willick, had to be a “material” one, meaning a change that, “if known at the time, would likely have resulted in different terms” (p. 688). G. (L.) [v. B. (G.), 1995 CanLII 65 (SCC), [1995] 3 S.C.R. 370] confirmed that this threshold also applies to spousal support variations.”

            Pustai v. Pustai, 2014 ONCA 422 at 18-19